Java中try catch使用方法详解

try {
    // 可能出现异常的代码
} catch (异常类型 变量名) {
    // 处理异常的代码
}

try {
    int[] arr = new int[5];
    System.out.println(arr[10]); // 抛出 ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
} catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
    System.out.println("数组索引越界：" + e.getMessage());
}

try {
    String str = null;
    System.out.println(str.length()); // NullPointerException
    int result = 10 / 0; // ArithmeticException
} catch (NullPointerException e) {
    System.out.println("字符串为空：" + e.getMessage());
} catch (ArithmeticException e) {
    System.out.println("数学运算错误：" + e.getMessage());
}

try {
    // 可能出错的操作
} catch (Exception e) {
    System.out.println("发生异常：" + e.getMessage());
} finally {
    System.out.println("无论是否异常都会执行");
}

try (FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("data.txt")) {
    int data = fis.read();
    while (data != -1) {
        System.out.print((char) data);
        data = fis.read();
    }
} catch (IOException e) {
    System.out.println("IO异常：" + e.getMessage());
}