Java多线程异常处理方法与技巧

Thread thread = new Thread(() -> {
    throw new RuntimeException("线程内异常");
});

thread.setUncaughtExceptionHandler((t, e) -> {
    System.err.println("线程 " + t.getName() + " 发生异常: " + e.getMessage());
});

thread.start();

Callable task = () -> {
    try {
        // 可能出错的操作
        return doSomethingRisky();
    } catch (Exception e) {
        // 记录日志或转换异常
        throw new RuntimeException("任务执行失败", e);
    }
};

Future future = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor().submit(task);

try {
    String result = future.get(); // 此处会抛出ExecutionException
} catch (ExecutionException e) {
    Throwable cause = e.getCause(); // 获取原始异常
    System.err.println("任务异常: " + cause.getMessage());
}

ThreadFactory factory = r -> {
    Thread t = new Thread(r);
    t.setUncaughtExceptionHandler((thread, exception) -> 
        System.err.println("线程池线程异常: " + exception.getMessage())
    );
    return t;
};

ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2, factory);

new Thread(() -> {
    int x = 1 / 0; // 异常会被抛出但无任何处理
}).start();