Golang执行外部命令方法详解

package main

import (
    "log"
    "os/exec"
)

func main() {
    cmd := exec.Command("ls", "-l")
    err := cmd.Run()
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatalf("命令执行失败: %v", err)
    }
}

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "log"
    "os/exec"
)

func main() {
    cmd := exec.Command("echo", "Hello, Go!")
    output, err := cmd.Output()
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatalf("命令执行失败: %v", err)
    }
    fmt.Printf("输出: %s", output)
}

package main

import (
    "bytes"
    "log"
    "os/exec"
)

func main() {
    cmd := exec.Command("grep", "foo", "nonexistent_file.txt")
    
    var stdout, stderr bytes.Buffer
    cmd.Stdout = &stdout
    cmd.Stderr = &stderr
    
    err := cmd.Run()
    if err != nil {
        log.Printf("命令出错: %v", err)
    }
    
    log.Printf("标准输出: %s", stdout.String())
    log.Printf("标准错误: %s", stderr.String())
}

package main

import (
    "log"
    "os/exec"
)

func main() {
    cmd := exec.Command("pwd")
    cmd.Dir = "/tmp" // 设置工作目录
    
    output, err := cmd.Output()
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatalf("执行失败: %v", err)
    }
    log.Printf("在 /tmp 下执行 pwd: %s", output)
}