import os
import shutil
<p>def batch_replace(directory, replacements, file_extensions=None, backup=True):
"""
批量替换文件中的文本内容
:param directory: 目标目录路径
:param replacements: 替换规则列表，格式 [('旧文本', '新文本'), ...]
:param file<em>extensions: 要处理的文件扩展名列表，如 ['.txt', '.py']，None 表示所有文件
:param backup: 是否备份原文件
"""
for root, </em>, files in os.walk(directory):
for filename in files:
filepath = os.path.join(root, filename)</p><pre class="brush:python;toolbar:false;">        # 检查文件扩展名
        if file_extensions:
            if not any(filename.endswith(ext) for ext in file_extensions):
                continue

        # 备份文件
        if backup:
            backup_path = filepath + ".bak"
            if not os.path.exists(backup_path):
                shutil.copy2(filepath, backup_path)

        try:
            with open(filepath, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
                content = f.read()

            modified = False
            for old_str, new_str in replacements:
                if old_str in content:
                    content = content.replace(old_str, new_str)
                    modified = True

            if modified:
                with open(filepath, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
                    f.write(content)
                print(f"已更新: {filepath}")

        except Exception as e:
            print(f"处理失败 {filepath}: {e}")

使用示例

if name == "main": target_dir = "/path/to/your/files" # 修改为你的目录 rules = [ ("old_domain.com", "new_domain.com"), ("/old/path", "/new/path"), ("version=1.0", "version=2.0") ] extensions = [".txt", ".py", ".conf"]

batch_replace(target_dir, replacements=rules, file_extensions=extensions, backup=True)