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Java开发影院售票系统教程

2025-11-21 16:24:37 0浏览收藏

1. 系统功能分析

小型影院售票系统通常需要以下功能：

添加/查看电影信息（名称、时长、类型）
设置放映厅（编号、总座位数）
安排放映场次（电影、时间、影厅）
展示座位图并支持选座
完成购票（锁定座位）
查看已售/可售座位

2. 核心类设计

根据功能划分几个关键类：

Movie 类

表示电影基本信息：

public class Movie {
    private String title;
    private int duration; // 分钟
    private String genre;
public Movie(String title, int duration, String genre) {
    this.title = title;
    this.duration = duration;
    this.genre = genre;
}
// getter 方法
}

CinemaHall 类

表示影厅，包含座位二维数组：

public class CinemaHall {
    private int hallId;
    private int rows;
    private int cols;
    private boolean[][] seats; // false 表示空闲，true 表示已售
public CinemaHall(int hallId, int rows, int cols) {
    this.hallId = hallId;
    this.rows = rows;
    this.cols = cols;
    this.seats = new boolean[rows][cols];
}

public boolean isSeatAvailable(int row, int col) {
    return !seats[row][col];
}

public boolean bookSeat(int row, int col) {
    if (isSeatAvailable(row, col)) {
        seats[row][col] = true;
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}

public void displaySeats() {
    System.out.println("座位图（O: 可选，X: 已售）：");
    for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
            System.out.print(seats[i][j] ? " X " : " O ");
        }
        System.out.println();
    }
}
// getter 方法
}

Showtime 类

表示某场电影放映：

public class Showtime {
    private Movie movie;
    private CinemaHall hall;
    private String time;
public Showtime(Movie movie, CinemaHall hall, String time) {
    this.movie = movie;
    this.hall = hall;
    this.time = time;
}
// getter 方法
}

3. 主程序逻辑实现

使用简单控制台交互演示流程：

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class TicketSystem {
private ArrayList movies = new ArrayList<>();
private ArrayList halls = new ArrayList<>();
private ArrayList showtimes = new ArrayList<>();
private Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
public void start() {
    initTestData(); // 初始化测试数据
    while (true) {
        System.out.println("\n--- 小型影院售票系统 ---");
        System.out.println("1. 查看场次");
        System.out.println("2. 购票");
        System.out.println("3. 退出");
        System.out.print("请选择：");
        int choice = scanner.nextInt();

        if (choice == 1) viewShowtimes();
        else if (choice == 2) buyTicket();
        else if (choice == 3) break;
    }
}

private void viewShowtimes() {
    for (int i = 0; i < showtimes.size(); i++) {
        Showtime s = showtimes.get(i);
        System.out.printf("%d. %s | %s | %s\n",
            i+1, s.getMovie().getTitle(), s.getHall().getHallId(), s.getTime());
    }
}

private void buyTicket() {
    viewShowtimes();
    System.out.print("选择场次编号：");
    int idx = scanner.nextInt() - 1;
    if (idx < 0 || idx >= showtimes.size()) {
        System.out.println("无效选择！");
        return;
    }

    Showtime selected = showtimes.get(idx);
    selected.getHall().displaySeats();
    System.out.print("输入座位行号（0-" + (selected.getHall().getRows()-1) + "）：");
    int row = scanner.nextInt();
    System.out.print("输入座位列号（0-" + (selected.getHall().getCols()-1) + "）：");
    int col = scanner.nextInt();

    if (selected.getHall().bookSeat(row, col)) {
        System.out.println("购票成功！座位 (" + row + "," + col + ")");
    } else {
        System.out.println("该座位已售出！");
    }
}

private void initTestData() {
    Movie m1 = new Movie("流浪地球", 120, "科幻");
    Movie m2 = new Movie("熊出没·逆转时空", 95, "动画");
    movies.add(m1); movies.add(m2);

    CinemaHall h1 = new CinemaHall(1, 5, 8); // 5行8列
    CinemaHall h2 = new CinemaHall(2, 4, 6);
    halls.add(h1); halls.add(h2);

    showtimes.add(new Showtime(m1, h1, "19:00"));
    showtimes.add(new Showtime(m2, h2, "14:30"));
}

public static void main(String[] args) {
    new TicketSystem().start();
}
}