Java中catch块如何分类处理异常

try {
    int result = 10 / Integer.parseInt("0");
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
    System.err.println("数字格式错误：" + e.getMessage());
} catch (ArithmeticException e) {
    System.err.println("算术异常：" + e.getMessage());
} catch (Exception e) {
    System.err.println("其他异常：" + e.getMessage());
}

try {
    // 可能抛出不同异常的操作
    parseAndDivide("abc", 0);
} catch (Exception e) {
    if (e instanceof NumberFormatException) {
        System.err.println("无法解析数字：" + e.getMessage());
    } else if (e instanceof ArithmeticException) {
        System.err.println("算术错误：" + e.getMessage());
    } else if (e instanceof IOException) {
        System.err.println("IO异常：" + e.getMessage());
    } else {
        System.err.println("未知异常：" + e.getClass().getSimpleName());
    }
}

try {
    riskyOperation();
} catch (SQLException | IOException e) {
    // 这两个异常都属于可恢复资源类异常
    logger.error("资源操作失败", e);
    cleanupResources();
} catch (RuntimeException e) {
    System.err.println("运行时异常：" + e.getMessage());
}