Golangnet/url包使用全解析

parsed, err := url.Parse("https://user:pass@example.com:8080/path?query=1#fragment")
if err != nil {
    log.Fatal(err)
}
fmt.Println("Scheme:", parsed.Scheme)     // https
fmt.Println("User:", parsed.User)         // user:pass
fmt.Println("Host:", parsed.Host)         // example.com:8080
fmt.Println("Path:", parsed.Path)         // /path
fmt.Println("RawQuery:", parsed.RawQuery) // query=1
fmt.Println("Fragment:", parsed.Fragment) // fragment

// 方法一：使用 URL.Query()
parsed, _ := url.Parse("https://example.com/search?q=go&lang=zh&lang=en")
values := parsed.Query()
fmt.Println(values["q"])    // [go]
fmt.Println(values["lang"]) // [zh en]

// 方法二：手动解析查询字符串
queryStr := "a=1&b=2&b=3&a=4"
m, _ := url.ParseQuery(queryStr)
fmt.Println(m["a"]) // [1 4]
fmt.Println(m["b"]) // [2 3]

u := &url.URL{
    Scheme: "https",
    Host:   "api.example.com",
    Path:   "/v1/users",
}

params := url.Values{}
params.Add("name", "张三")
params.Add("age", "25")
u.RawQuery = params.Encode()

fmt.Println(u.String()) 
// 输出: https://api.example.com/v1/users?name=%E5%BC%A0%E4%B8%89&age=25

base, _ := url.Parse("https://example.com/dir/page")
rel, _ := url.Parse("../images/logo.png")
resolved := base.ResolveReference(rel)
fmt.Println(resolved) // https://example.com/images/logo.png