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Springboot整合quartz实现定时任务的动态加载

来源：SegmentFault 2023-02-25 08:01:12 0浏览收藏

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Springboot整合quartz实现定时任务的动态加载

Springboot整合quartz,实现动态定时任务的加载，不需要重启程序，就可以堆定时任务进行添加，停止，删除，重启等一系列操作，通过mysql数据库对定时任务进行配置。

目录结构

1.数据库

创建数据库配置表，用于存放定时任务的相关配置

CREATE TABLE `task_config`  (
  `id` int UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `task_id` varchar(8) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '任务id',
  `cron` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL COMMENT 'cron表达式',
  `class_name` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL COMMENT 'job引用地址',
  `description` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',
  `status` tinyint NOT NULL COMMENT '定时任务状态 0 停用,1启用',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

2.导包

<dependencies><dependency><groupid>org.projectlombok</groupid><artifactid>lombok</artifactid><version>1.16.18</version><scope>provided</scope></dependency><!--quartz和springboot的整合包--><dependency><groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid><artifactid>spring-boot-starter-quartz</artifactid><version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version></dependency><!--mybatisPlus可以放我们更方便的操作mybatis--><dependency><groupid>com.baomidou</groupid><artifactid>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactid><version>3.4.0</version></dependency><!--数据库连接池框架--><dependency><groupid>com.alibaba</groupid><artifactid>druid</artifactid><version>1.1.9</version></dependency><dependency><groupid>mysql</groupid><artifactid>mysql-connector-java</artifactid><version>8.0.17</version></dependency><dependency><groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid><artifactid>spring-boot-starter</artifactid></dependency><dependency><groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid><artifactid>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactid></dependency></dependencies>

3.Springboot启动配置

1.数据源的配置

spring:
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test?characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=true&useSSL=false&allowMultiQueries=true&serverTimezone=UTC
    username: root
    password: 123456
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource

注：mysql的版本不同，先用

mybatis-plus:
    #扫描xml的位置
  mapper-locations: classpath*:/dao/*.xml
  configuration:
    # 这个配置会将执行的sql打印出来，在开发或测试的时候可以用
    log-impl: org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl

3.Spring的配置

spring:
  application:
    name: schedule-server
  profiles:
      #配置激活配置文件，application-mybatis，application-datasource
    active: datasource,mybatis
server:
  port: 9000

4.mybatis层

1.创建数据库表对应的实体

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.IdType;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableField;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableId;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableName;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.experimental.Accessors;

import java.io.Serializable;

@Data
@Accessors(chain = true)
@TableName("task_config")
public class TaskConfigEntity implements Serializable {

    @TableId(value = "id",type = IdType.AUTO)
    private Integer id;

    @TableField("task_id")
    private String taskId;

    @TableField("cron")
    private String cron;

    @TableField("class_name")
    private String className;

    @TableField("description")
    private String description;

    @TableField("status")
    private Integer status;
}

2.dao接口

同时创建dao接口

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.mapper.BaseMapper;
import com.example.demo.entity.TaskConfigEntity;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;

@Mapper
public interface TaskConfigDao extends BaseMapper<taskconfigentity> {
}</taskconfigentity>

3.xml文件

在resource资源包下创建

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><mapper namespace="com.example.demo.dao.TaskConfigDao"></mapper>

4.扫描dao接口

package com.example.demo;

import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
//扫描路径
@MapperScan("com.example.demo.dao")
public class DemoApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
    }

}

5.线程池的创建

创建线程池用于运行定时任务

package com.example.demo.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;

import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

@Configuration
public class ExecutorConfig {
    @Bean(name = "taskExecutor")
    public Executor getAsyncExecutor() throws InterruptedException{
        ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
        executor.setCorePoolSize(2);
        executor.setMaxPoolSize(1024);
        executor.setKeepAliveSeconds(4);
        executor.setQueueCapacity(0);
        executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler((Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor exe) -> {
            // 利用BlockingQueue的特性，任务队列满时等待放入
            try {
                if (!exe.getQueue().offer(r, 30, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
                    throw new Exception("Task offer failed after 30 sec");
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        });
        return executor;
    }
}

6.quartz相关配置

1.自动注入工厂创建

注：只有有这个配置，quartz才可以使用自动注入，不然quartz无法使用Autowired等。

package com.example.demo.factory;

import org.quartz.spi.TriggerFiredBundle;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.AutowireCapableBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SpringBeanJobFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * 当配置这个config后,quartz才可以使用autowired注入
 */
@Component
public class ScheduleAutoBeanFactory extends SpringBeanJobFactory implements ApplicationContextAware {
    private transient AutowireCapableBeanFactory beanFactory;
    @Override
    public void setApplicationContext(final ApplicationContext context) {
        beanFactory = context.getAutowireCapableBeanFactory();
    }
    @Override
    protected Object createJobInstance(final TriggerFiredBundle bundle) throws Exception {
        final Object job = super.createJobInstance(bundle);
        beanFactory.autowireBean(job);
        return job;
    }
}

2.quartz配置

package com.example.demo.config;

import org.quartz.Scheduler;
import org.quartz.spi.JobFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.concurrent.Executor;

@Configuration
public class ScheduleJobConfig {
    
    @Resource(name = "taskExecutor")
    private Executor taskExecutor;

    @Bean("schedulerFactoryBean")
    public SchedulerFactoryBean createFactoryBean(JobFactory jobFactory){
        SchedulerFactoryBean factoryBean = new SchedulerFactoryBean();
        factoryBean.setJobFactory(jobFactory);
        factoryBean.setTaskExecutor(taskExecutor);
        factoryBean.setOverwriteExistingJobs(true);
        return factoryBean;
    }
    //通过这个类对定时任务进行操作
    @Bean
    public Scheduler scheduler(@Qualifier("schedulerFactoryBean") SchedulerFactoryBean factoryBean) {
        return factoryBean.getScheduler();
    }
}

7.quartz功能的实现

1.基本功能

package com.example.demo.service;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.toolkit.Wrappers;
import com.example.demo.dao.TaskConfigDao;
import com.example.demo.entity.TaskConfigEntity;
import lombok.extern.log4j.Log4j2;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.List;

@Component
@Log4j2
public class ScheduleJobService {

    @Autowired
    private TaskConfigDao taskConfigDao;

    @Autowired
    private Scheduler scheduler;

    /**
     * 程序启动开始加载定时任务
     */
    public void startJob(){
        List<taskconfigentity> taskConfigEntities = taskConfigDao.selectList(
                Wrappers.<taskconfigentity>lambdaQuery()
                        .eq(TaskConfigEntity::getStatus, 1));
        if (taskConfigEntities == null || taskConfigEntities.size() == 0){
            log.error("定时任务加载数据为空");
            return;
        }
        for (TaskConfigEntity configEntity : taskConfigEntities) {
            CronTrigger cronTrigger = null;
            JobDetail jobDetail = null;
            try {
                cronTrigger = getCronTrigger(configEntity);
                jobDetail = getJobDetail(configEntity);
                scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail,cronTrigger);
                log.info("编号：{}定时任务加载成功",configEntity.getTaskId());
            }catch (Exception e){
                log.error("编号：{}定时任务加载失败",configEntity.getTaskId());
            }

        }
        try {
            scheduler.start();
        } catch (SchedulerException e) {
            log.error("定时任务启动失败",e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 停止任务
     * @param taskId
     */
    public void stopJob(String taskId) throws SchedulerException {
        scheduler.pauseJob(JobKey.jobKey(taskId));
    }

    /**
     * 恢复任务
     * @param taskId
     * @throws SchedulerException
     */
    public void resumeJob(String taskId) throws SchedulerException {
        scheduler.resumeJob(JobKey.jobKey(taskId));
    }

    /**
     * 添加新的job
     * @param taskId
     * @throws SchedulerConfigException
     */
    public void loadJob(String taskId) throws SchedulerConfigException {
        TaskConfigEntity taskConfigEntity = taskConfigDao.selectOne(
                Wrappers.<taskconfigentity>lambdaQuery()
                        .eq(TaskConfigEntity::getTaskId, taskId)
                        .eq(TaskConfigEntity::getStatus, 1));
        if (taskConfigEntity == null){
            throw new SchedulerConfigException("未找到相关Job配置");
        }
        try {
            JobDetail jobDetail = getJobDetail(taskConfigEntity);
            CronTrigger cronTrigger = getCronTrigger(taskConfigEntity);
            scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, cronTrigger);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("加载定时任务异常",e);
            throw new SchedulerConfigException("加载定时任务异常", e);
        }
    }
    public void unloadJob(String taskId) throws SchedulerException {
        // 停止触发器
        scheduler.pauseTrigger(TriggerKey.triggerKey(taskId));
        // 卸载定时任务
        scheduler.unscheduleJob(TriggerKey.triggerKey(taskId));
        // 删除原来的job
        scheduler.deleteJob(JobKey.jobKey(taskId));
    }

    /**
     * 重新加载执行计划
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public void reload(String taskId) throws Exception {
        TaskConfigEntity taskConfigEntity = taskConfigDao.selectOne(
                Wrappers.<taskconfigentity>lambdaQuery()
                        .eq(TaskConfigEntity::getTaskId, taskId)
                        .eq(TaskConfigEntity::getStatus, 1));

        String jobCode = taskConfigEntity.getTaskId();
        // 获取以前的触发器
        TriggerKey triggerKey = TriggerKey.triggerKey(jobCode);
        // 停止触发器
        scheduler.pauseTrigger(triggerKey);
        // 删除触发器
        scheduler.unscheduleJob(triggerKey);
        // 删除原来的job
        scheduler.deleteJob(JobKey.jobKey(jobCode));

        JobDetail jobDetail = getJobDetail(taskConfigEntity);
        CronTrigger cronTrigger = getCronTrigger(taskConfigEntity);
        // 重新加载job
        scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, cronTrigger);
    }
    //组装JobDetail
    private JobDetail getJobDetail(TaskConfigEntity configEntity) throws ClassNotFoundException {

        Class extends Job> aClass = Class.forName(configEntity.getClassName()).asSubclass(Job.class);

        return JobBuilder.newJob()
                .withIdentity(JobKey.jobKey(configEntity.getTaskId()))
                .withDescription(configEntity.getDescription())
                .ofType(aClass).build();
    }
    //组装CronTrigger
    private CronTrigger getCronTrigger(TaskConfigEntity configEntity){
        CronTrigger cronTrigger = null;
        CronScheduleBuilder cronScheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(configEntity.getCron());
        cronTrigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
                .withIdentity(TriggerKey.triggerKey(configEntity.getTaskId()))
                .withSchedule(cronScheduleBuilder)
                .build();
        return cronTrigger;
    }
}</taskconfigentity></taskconfigentity></taskconfigentity></taskconfigentity>

2.任务启动自动加载定时任务

package com.example.demo.listener;

import com.example.demo.service.ScheduleJobService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * 监听容器启动,并开始从数据库加载定时任务
 */
@Component
public class ScheduleJobInitListener implements CommandLineRunner {

    @Autowired
    private ScheduleJobService jobService;

    @Override
    public void run(String... strings) throws Exception {
        jobService.startJob();
    }
}

3.通过远程请求加载定时任务

package com.example.demo.controller;

import com.example.demo.service.ScheduleJobService;
import org.quartz.SchedulerConfigException;
import org.quartz.SchedulerException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class ScheduleJobController {
    @Autowired
    private ScheduleJobService jobService;

    @GetMapping("/load/{taskId}")
    public String loadJob(@PathVariable("taskId") String taskId){
        try {
            jobService.loadJob(taskId);
        } catch (SchedulerConfigException e) {
            return "导入定时任务失败";
        }
        return "成功";
    }
    @GetMapping("/resume/{taskId}")
    public String resumeJob(@PathVariable("taskId") String taskId){
        try {
            jobService.resumeJob(taskId);
        }catch (SchedulerException e) {
            return "恢复定时任务失败";
        }
        return "成功";
    }
    @GetMapping("/stop/{taskId}")
    public String stopJob(@PathVariable("taskId") String taskId){
        try {
            jobService.stopJob(taskId);
        }catch (SchedulerException e) {
            return "暂停定时任务失败";
        }
        return "成功";
    }
    @GetMapping("/unload/{taskId}")
    public String unloadJob(@PathVariable("taskId") String taskId){
        try {
            jobService.unloadJob(taskId);
        }catch (SchedulerException e) {
            return "卸载定时任务失败";
        }
        return "成功";
    }
}

8.定时任务

package com.example.demo.job;

import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;

import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;

public class MyJob implements Job {
    @Override
    public void execute(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {
        LocalDateTime now = LocalDateTime.now();
        System.out.println("定时任务开始"+now.format(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("HH:mm:ss")));
    }
}

通过实现Job接口，然后配置到数据库，就可以实现动态加载。

9.测试

1.向数据库插入一条定时任务的配置。

其中class_name为我们实现的Job的引用路径

INSERT INTO `test`.`task_config` (`id`, `task_id`, `cron`, `class_name`, `description`, `status`) VALUES ('1', 'TB00001', '0 * * * * ?', 'com.example.demo.job.MyJob', '每一分钟触发一次', '1');