有人可以解释一下为什么“curl: (7) 无法连接到 127.0.0.1 端口 2000: 连接被拒绝”吗？

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我不明白为什么它说“curl: (7) 无法连接到 127.0.0.1 端口 2000: 连接被拒绝”:

curl -x post -f 'first_name=pinco' -f 'last_name=pallo' -f 'company_name=company' -f 
'[email protected]' -f 'tel=111111111' 127.0.0.1:2000/puser/add curl: (7) failed
to connect to 127.0.0.1 port 2000: connection refused.

在 server-gorillamux.go 中：

conn_port = "2000"

在 /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf 中：

upstream golang-webserver {
    ip_hash;
    server 127.0.0.1:2000;
}

server {
    #listen 2999;
    server_name ggc.world;

    root /puser/add; // is this correct?

    ssl_protocols tlsv1.2 tlsv1.3;
    ssl_ciphers eecdh+chacha20:eecdh+chacha20-draft:eecdh+aes128:rsa+aes128:eecdh+aes256:rsa+aes256:eecdh+3des:rsa+3des:!md5;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
    ssl_session_cache shared:ssl:50m;

    location / {
        #proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
        proxy_pass http://golang-webserver;
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header upgrade $http_upgrade;
        proxy_set_header connection "upgrade";
        #proxy_set_header host $host;
    }
}

这是 ggc/goserver/server-gorillamux.go ：

package main

import (
        "encoding/json"
        "github.com/gorilla/mux"
        "log"
        "net/http"
)

const (
        conn_host = "192.168.1.7"
        conn_port = "2000"
)

type puser struct {
        first_name   string `json:"first_name"`
        last_name    string `json:"last_name"`
        country      string `json:"country"`
        company_name string `json:"company_name"`
        email        string `json:"email"`
        tel          string `json:"tel"`
}

type pusers []puser
var pusers []puser

type route struct {
        name        string
        method      string
        pattern     string
        handlerfunc http.handlerfunc
}

type routes []route

var routes = routes{
        route{
                "getpusers",
                "get",
                "/pusers",
                getpusers,
        },
        route{
                "addpuser",
                "post",
                "/puser/add",
                addpuser,
        },
}


func getpusers(w http.responsewriter, r *http.request) {
        json.newencoder(w).encode(pusers)
}

func addpuser(w http.responsewriter, r *http.request) {
        puser := puser{}
        err := json.newdecoder(r.body).decode(&puser)
        if err != nil {
                log.print("error occured while decoding puser data 
:: ", err)
        }
        log.printf("adding puser id :: % s with firstname ass :: %s 
and lastname as :: %s ", puser.first_name, puser.last_name)
        pusers = append(pusers, puser{first_name: puser.first_name,
            last_name: puser.last_name, country: puser.country, 
company_name: puser.company_name,
                email: puser.email, tel: puser.tel})
        json.newencoder(w).encode(pusers)
}

func addroutes(router *mux.router) *mux.router {
        for _, route := range routes {
                router.
                        methods(route.method).
                        path(route.pattern).
                        name(route.name).
                        handler(route.handlerfunc)
        }
        return router
}

func main() {
        muxrouter := mux.newrouter().strictslash(true)
        router := addroutes(muxrouter)
        router.pathprefix("/").handler(http.fileserver(http.dir("..
/src/components/auth/forms.vue"))) 

        err := http.listenandserve(conn_host+":"+conn_port, router)
        if err != nil {
                log.fatal("error starting http server :: ", err)
                return
        }
}

这是完整的/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf：

server {
    listen 443 ssl http2 default_server;
    server_name ggc.world;
    ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/ggc.world-
0002/fullchain.pem; # managed by certbot
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/ggc.world-   
0002/privkey.pem; # managed by certbot

    ssl_trusted_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/ggc.world
/chain.pem;

    ssl_dhparam /etc/letsencrypt/ssl-dhparams.pem; # managed by 
certbot

    ssl_session_timeout 5m;
    #ssl_protocols tlsv1 tlsv1.1 tlsv1.2 tlsv1.3;
    ssl_protocols tlsv1.2 tlsv1.3;
    ssl_ciphers eecdh+chacha20:eecdh+chacha20-
draft:eecdh+aes128:rsa+aes128:eecdh+aes256:rsa+aes256:eecdh+3des:rsa+3de
s:!md5;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
    ssl_session_cache shared:ssl:50m;
    #ssl_stapling on;
    #ssl_stapling_verify on;

    access_log /var/log/nginx/ggcworld-access.log combined;

    add_header strict-transport-security "max-age=31536000";
    location = /favicon.ico { access_log off; log_not_found off; }

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
        #proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:2000;
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header upgrade $http_upgrade;
        proxy_set_header connection "upgrade";
        #proxy_set_header host $host;
    }

    location /weights {
      #sendfile on;
      #tcp_nopush on;
      try_files $uri $uri/ /home/marco/webmatters/vuematters
/ggc/src/components/auth/weights/;
      proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:9091/weights/;
      proxy_set_header x-real-ip $remote_addr;
      proxy_set_header host $host;
      proxy_set_header x-forwarded-for $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
      # following is necessary for websocket support
      proxy_http_version 1.1;
      proxy_set_header upgrade $http_upgrade;
      proxy_set_header connection "upgrade";
    }

}

server {
    if ($host = ggc.world) {
        return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
    } # managed by certbot


    listen 80 default_server;
    listen [::]:80 default_server;
    error_page 497 https://$host:$server_port$request_uri;
    server_name ggc.world;
    return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;

    access_log /var/log/nginx/ggcworld-access.log combined;

    add_header strict-transport-security "max-age=31536000";
    location = /favicon.ico { access_log off; log_not_found off; }

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
        #proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:2000;
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header upgrade $http_upgrade;
        proxy_set_header connection "upgrade";
        #proxy_set_header host $host;
    }
}

upstream websocket {
    ip_hash;
    server localhost:3000;
}

server {
    listen 81;
    server_name ggc.world;

    location ~ ^/(websocket|websocket\/socket-io) {
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:4201;
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header upgrade $http_upgrade;
        proxy_set_header connection "upgrade";
        proxy_set_header x-forwared-for $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header host $host;

        proxy_redirect off;
        proxy_set_header x-real-ip $remote_addr;
    }
}

upstream golang-webserver {
    ip_hash;
    server 127.0.0.1:2000;
}

server {
    #listen 2999;
    server_name ggc.world;

    root /puser/add;

    ssl_protocols tlsv1.2 tlsv1.3;
    ssl_ciphers eecdh+chacha20:eecdh+chacha20-
  draft:eecdh+aes128:rsa+aes128:eecdh+aes256:rsa+aes256:eecdh+3des:rsa+3de
s:!md5;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
    ssl_session_cache shared:ssl:50m;

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://golang-webserver;
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header upgrade $http_upgrade;
        proxy_set_header connection "upgrade";
        #proxy_set_header host $host;
    }
}

端口 2000 已在 internet 服务提供商配置中为 tcp 和 udp 打开。

更新1)

放入 server-gorillamux.go conn_host = "127.0.0.1" 后，错误类型发生了变化：

curl -x post -f 'first_name=pinco' -f 'last_name=pallo' -f   
'company_name=company'  -f '[email protected]' -f  
'tel=111111111' http://127.0.0.1:2000/puser/add
[{}]


go run ./server-gorillamux.go
2020/05/13 12:24:55 error occured while decoding puser data :: invalid
character '-' in numeric literal
2020/05/13 12:24:55 adding puser id ::  with firstname ass ::  and 
lastname as :: %!s(missing)

更新2)

curl --verbose -x post -d'{"first_name":"pinco", "last_name":"pallo", 
"company_name":"company","email":"[email protected]","tel":"11111111
1"}' 127.0.0.1:2000/puser/add
note: unnecessary use of -x or --request, post is already inferred.
*   trying 127.0.0.1...
* tcp_nodelay set
* connected to 127.0.0.1 (127.0.0.1) port 2000 (#0)
> post /puser/add http/1.1
> host: 127.0.0.1:2000
> user-agent: curl/7.58.0
> accept: */*
> content-length: 121
> content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
> 
* upload completely sent off: 121 out of 121 bytes
< http/1.1 200 ok
< date: wed, 13 may 2020 11:01:00 gmt
< content-length: 8
< content-type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
< 
[{},{}]
* connection #0 to host 127.0.0.1 left intact

go run ./server-gorillamux.go
2020/05/13 13:01:00 adding puser id ::  with firstname ass ::  and 
lastname as :: %!s(missing)

更新3：

将每个字段的第一个字母大写使 json 可以看到它们，但每个字段的值尚未导出。 addpuser 函数中必须有一些需要修复的地方：

curl -X POST -F 'first_name=pinco' -F 'last_name=pallo' -F 
'company_name=Company'  -F '[email protected]' -F  
'tel=111111111' http://127.0.0.1:2000/puser/add
    [{"First_name":"","Last_name":"","Country":"","Company_name":"","Email":""
,"Tel":""}]  o run ./server-gorillamux.go
2020/05/13 13:27:03 error occured while decoding puser data :: invalid
character '-' in numeric literal
2020/05/13 13:27:03 adding puser id ::  with firstName as :: , 
lastName as :: , country as :: $s,companyName as :: , email as :: , 
tel as::

期待您的帮助。 马可

解决方案

purser 字段未导出，因此 json 解码器看不到它们，您需要将它们大写来解决此问题：

type puser struct {
        firstname    string `json:"first_name"`
        lastname     string `json:"last_name"`
        country      string `json:"country"`
        companyname  string `json:"company_name"`
        email        string `json:"email"`
        tel          string `json:"tel"`
}

然后，您也发出了错误的请求，在表单数据中发送参数，而是在请求正文中发送 json 对象，如下所示：

curl -X POST -d'{"first_name":"pinco", "last_name":"pallo", "company_name":"Company","email":"<a target='_blank'  href='https://www.17golang.com/gourl/?redirect=MDAwMDAwMDAwML57hpSHp6VpkrqbYLx2eayza4KafaOkbLS3zqSBrJvPsa5_0Ia6sWuR4Juaq6t9nq6ycZqKgG2svpXKqIBkrtu-i2LMmbrbrZuueqbGeYaeyYCkppKihqKu3LOijnmMlbN4cpSSt89pkqp5qLBkep6yo6Nkf42hpLLdyqKBrIXRsot-lpHdz3Y' rel='nofollow'>[email protected]</a>","tel":"111111111"}' 127.0.0.1:2000/puser/add

好了，本文到此结束，带大家了解了《有人可以解释一下为什么“curl: (7) 无法连接到 127.0.0.1 端口 2000: 连接被拒绝”吗？》，希望本文对你有所帮助！关注golang学习网公众号，给大家分享更多Golang知识！