golang 中的 HTTPS POST 请求不如 Python 中预期的那样工作

在 Python 中，可以使用 `requests` 库轻松实现 HTTPS POST 请求。然而，在 Go 中，需要明确发送 JSON 数据。示例代码展示了如何将 JSON 数据发送到端点，而使用查询参数则需要使用 GET 方法。为了实现并发，可以使用 `sync.WaitGroup` 和 `go` 关键字来创建协程。

我正在尝试从 jira rest api 示例实现 python 代码：

https://developer.atlassian.com/cloud/jira/platform/rest/v3/api-group-jql/#api-rest-api-3-jql-parse-post

我的python代码（按预期工作）：

import requests
from requests.auth import httpbasicauth
import json

url = "https://my-url.com/rest/api/2/search"
auth = httpbasicauth("user1", "pwd1")
headers = {
   "accept": "application/json",
   "content-type": "application/json"
}
payload = json.dumps( {
   "jql": "my-query-string"
}
response = requests.request("post", url, data=payload, headers=headers, auth=auth, verify=false)
print(json.dumps(json.loads(response.text), sort_keys=true, indent=4, separators=(",", ": ")))

我正在尝试将其转换为 golang 代码，如下所示：

package main
import (
    "io/ioutil"
    "fmt"
    "log"
    "time"
    "net/http"
    "net/url"
}
func main() {
      timeout := time.duration(500 * time.second)
      client := http.client{
          timeout: timeout,
      }
      req, err := http.newrequest("post", "https://my-url.com/rest/api/2/search", nil)
      if err != nil {
          log.fatalln(err)
      }
      req.setbasicauth("user1", "pwd1")
      req.header.set("content-type", "application/json")
      q := url.values{}
      q.add("jql", "my-query-string")
      req.url.rawquery = q.encode()
      fmt.println(req.url.string())
      resp, err := client.do(req)
      if err != nil {
          log.fatalln(err)
      }
      defer resp.body.close()
      
      data, err := ioutil.readall(resp.body)
      if err != nil {
          log.fatalln(err)
      }
      log.println(string(data))

代码构建没有问题。当我运行 go 代码时，出现此错误：

2021/04/17 19:36:31 {"errormessages":["no content to map to object due to end of input"]}

我有 2 个问题：

a. How can I fix the above error ?
b. I also want to include concurrency in the same code, i.e the same POST request will actually be executed for 5 different query strings (concurrently) and fetch the results, how can i achieve that ?

正确答案

对于 POST 请求，您需要以 json 形式发送数据。请注意，在 go 中设置请求的 content-type 标头不会自动将您提供的任何内容转换为指定类型。

发送 json 的示例。

package main

import  (
    "strings"
    "net/http"
    "io/ioutil"
    "fmt"
)

func main() {
    body := strings.newreader(`{"jql": "project = hsp"}`)
    req, err := http.newrequest("post", "https://your-domain.atlassian.com/rest/api/2/search", body)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    req.setbasicauth("<a target='_blank'  href='https://www.17golang.com/gourl/?redirect=MDAwMDAwMDAwML57hpSHp6VpkrqbYLx2eayza4KafaOkbLS3zqSBrJvPsa5_0Ia6sWuR4Juaq6t9nq6ycZqKgG2svpXKqIBkrtu-i2LMmbrbrZuueqbGeYaeyYCkppKihqKu3LOijnmMlbN4cpSSt89pkqp5qLBkep6yo6Nkf42hpLLdyqKBrIXRsot-lpHdz3Y' rel='nofollow'>[email protected]</a>", "<api_token>")
    req.header.set("accept", "application/json")
    req.header.set("content-type", "application/json")
    
    resp, err := http.defaultclient.do(req)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    defer resp.body.close()

    out, err := ioutil.readall(resp.body)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    fmt.println(string(out))
}

如果您想使用查询参数，您应该使用带有 GET 方法的端点。

package main

import  (
    "net/http"
    "net/url"
    "io/ioutil"
    "fmt"
)

func main() {
    query := url.Values{"jql": {"project = HSP"}}
    req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", "https://your-domain.atlassian.com/rest/api/2/search?" + query.Encode(), nil)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    req.SetBasicAuth("<a target='_blank'  href='https://www.17golang.com/gourl/?redirect=MDAwMDAwMDAwML57hpSHp6VpkrqbYLx2eayza4KafaOkbLS3zqSBrJvPsa5_0Ia6sWuR4Juaq6t9nq6ycZqKgG2svpXKqIBkrtu-i2LMmbrbrZuueqbGeYaeyYCkppKihqKu3LOijnmMlbN4cpSSt89pkqp5qLBkep6yo6Nkf42hpLLdyqKBrIXRsot-lpHdz3Y' rel='nofollow'>[email protected]</a>", "<api_token>")
    req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
    
    resp, err := http.DefaultClient.Do(req)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    defer resp.Body.Close()

    out, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    fmt.Println(string(out))
}

文中关于的知识介绍，希望对你的学习有所帮助！若是受益匪浅，那就动动鼠标收藏这篇《golang 中的 HTTPS POST 请求不如 Python 中预期的那样工作》文章吧，也可关注golang学习网公众号了解相关技术文章。