不符预期的 Golang 单元测试问题

Golang不知道大家是否熟悉？今天我将给大家介绍《不符预期的 Golang 单元测试问题》，这篇文章主要会讲到等等知识点，如果你在看完本篇文章后，有更好的建议或者发现哪里有问题，希望大家都能积极评论指出，谢谢！希望我们能一起加油进步！

我是 golang 新手，当我尝试在测试用例下运行时，出现以下错误。有人可以建议我在这里做错了什么吗？

db, mock, _ := sqlmock.new()

    dbconnect, _ := services.db.connect(services.config.database)
    defer db.close()

    rows := sqlmock.newrows([]string{"id", "txid", "nounce", "amount", "confirmations", "fromaddress", "toaddress", "toaccountid", "currencyid",
        "processstateid", "transactiontypeid", "transactionfees", "gasprice", "gaslimit", "transactionindex", "logindex", "gasused",
        "status", "blocknumber", "createdat", "updatedat"}).
        addrow("039f79c1-dbb3-4439-b9f7-361c7db6e03f", "0x642ec5ca327d0e64e958b1f9a6ef1feb61f0e541629b3769e854608d00d89744", 0, 0.01, 12, "0x3ee9f8c6a2676f2b0ebc324747253a23b7dbd1b3",
            "0x06fcd7f32e155be895ed9282446864e7397ae40d", "77c93121-5a9a-48fa-8c2f-23ff1debc3df", 2, 3, 2, 0.001, 0.001, 210000, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, "2021-10-30 07:38:03.299+00", "2021-10-30 07:38:03.299+00").
        addrow("039f79c1-dbb3-4439-b9f7-361c7db6e03f", "0x642ec5ca327d0e64e958b1f9a6ef1feb61f0e541629b3769e854608d00d89744", 0, 0.01, 12, "0x3ee9f8c6a2676f2b0ebc324747253a23b7dbd1b3",
            "0x06fcd7f32e155be895ed9282446864e7397ae40d", "77c93121-5a9a-48fa-8c2f-23ff1debc3df", 2, 3, 2, 0.001, 0.001, 210000, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, "2021-10-30 07:38:03.299+00", "2021-10-30 07:38:03.299+00")

    gettransactionsquery(dbconnect, "25", "0")
    mock.expectquery("select * from blockchaintransactions limit $1 offset $2").withargs("25", "0").willreturnrows(rows)

    if err := mock.expectationsweremet(); err != nil {
        t.errorf("there were unfulfilled expectations: %s", err)
    }

--- fail: test_gettransactionsquery (7.79s)
    ethtransactions_test.go:51: there were unfulfilled expectations: there is a remaining expectation which was not matched: expectedquery => expecting query, querycontext or queryrow which:
          - matches sql: 'select * from blockchaintransactions limit $1 offset $2'
          - is with arguments:
            0 - 25
            1 - 0
          - should return rows:
            row 0 - [039f79c1-dbb3-4439-b9f7-361c7db6e03f 0x642ec5ca327d0e64e958b1f9a6ef1feb61f0e541629b3769e854608d00d89744 0 0.01 12 0x3ee9f8c6a2676f2b0ebc324747253a23b7dbd1b3 0x06fcd7f32e155be895ed9282446864e7397ae40d 77c93121-5a9a-48fa-8c2f-23ff1debc3df 2 3 2 0.001 0.001 210000 0 0 0 0 0 2021-10-30 07:38:03.299+00 2021-10-30 07:38:03.299+00]
            row 1 - [039f79c1-dbb3-4439-b9f7-361c7db6e03f 0x642ec5ca327d0e64e958b1f9a6ef1feb61f0e541629b3769e854608d00d89744 0 0.01 12 0x3ee9f8c6a2676f2b0ebc324747253a23b7dbd1b3 0x06fcd7f32e155be895ed9282446864e7397ae40d 77c93121-5a9a-48fa-8c2f-23ff1debc3df 2 3 2 0.001 0.001 210000 0 0 0 0 0 2021-10-30 07:38:03.299+00 2021-10-30 07:38:03.299+00]
fail

下面是我试图模拟的函数：

func GetTransactionsQuery(db *sqlx.DB, limit string, offset string) ([]Transactions, error) {

    transactions := []Transactions{}
    Query := `SELECT *
    FROM "BlockchainTransactions"
    LIMIT :limit
    OFFSET :offset`
    params := map[string]interface{}{
        "limit":  limit,
        "offset": offset,
    }

    rows, err := db.NamedQuery(Query, params)

    for rows.Next() {
        transaction := Transactions{}
        rows.StructScan(&transaction)
        transactions = append(transactions, transaction)
    }
    rows.Close()

    if err != nil {
        log.Fatalln(`GetTransactionsQuery: Failed to execute query`, err)
        return transactions, err
    }

    return transactions, nil
}

编辑： 我在模拟数据之前调用一个实际的函数；我仍然遇到同样的错误。

正确答案

@burak serdar 的意思是，在实际调用触发模拟的函数之前，必须声明您的期望。这意味着您的测试代码应该是

db, mock, _ := sqlmock.new()

dbconnect, _ := services.db.connect(services.config.database)
defer db.close()

rows := sqlmock.newrows([]string{"id", "txid", "nounce", "amount", "confirmations", "fromaddress", "toaddress", "toaccountid", "currencyid",
    "processstateid", "transactiontypeid", "transactionfees", "gasprice", "gaslimit", "transactionindex", "logindex", "gasused",
    "status", "blocknumber", "createdat", "updatedat"}).
    addrow("039f79c1-dbb3-4439-b9f7-361c7db6e03f", "0x642ec5ca327d0e64e958b1f9a6ef1feb61f0e541629b3769e854608d00d89744", 0, 0.01, 12, "0x3ee9f8c6a2676f2b0ebc324747253a23b7dbd1b3",
        "0x06fcd7f32e155be895ed9282446864e7397ae40d", "77c93121-5a9a-48fa-8c2f-23ff1debc3df", 2, 3, 2, 0.001, 0.001, 210000, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, "2021-10-30 07:38:03.299+00", "2021-10-30 07:38:03.299+00").
    addrow("039f79c1-dbb3-4439-b9f7-361c7db6e03f", "0x642ec5ca327d0e64e958b1f9a6ef1feb61f0e541629b3769e854608d00d89744", 0, 0.01, 12, "0x3ee9f8c6a2676f2b0ebc324747253a23b7dbd1b3",
        "0x06fcd7f32e155be895ed9282446864e7397ae40d", "77c93121-5a9a-48fa-8c2f-23ff1debc3df", 2, 3, 2, 0.001, 0.001, 210000, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, "2021-10-30 07:38:03.299+00", "2021-10-30 07:38:03.299+00")

//expect first
mock.expectquery("select * from blockchaintransactions limit $1 offset $2").withargs("25", "0").willreturnrows(rows)
// trigger your code
    gettransactionsquery(dbconnect, "25", "0")

if err := mock.expectationsweremet(); err != nil {
    t.errorf("there were unfulfilled expectations: %s", err)
 }

最好仔细阅读并了解如何使用 go-sqlmock。

[建议]另外在您的代码中首先检查您的错误

func GetTransactionsQuery(db *sqlx.DB, limit string, offset string) ([]Transactions, error) {

    transactions := []Transactions{}
    Query := `SELECT *
    FROM "BlockchainTransactions"
    LIMIT :limit
    OFFSET :offset`
    params := map[string]interface{}{
        "limit":  limit,
        "offset": offset,
    }

    rows, err := db.NamedQuery(Query, params)
    // check error first
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatalln(`GetTransactionsQuery: Failed to execute query`, err)
        return transactions, err
    }

    defer rows.Close()

    for rows.Next() {
        transaction := Transactions{}
        rows.StructScan(&transaction)
        transactions = append(transactions, transaction)
    }

    return transactions, err
   }

今天带大家了解了的相关知识，希望对你有所帮助；关于Golang的技术知识我们会一点点深入介绍，欢迎大家关注golang学习网公众号，一起学习编程~